What does the term "variance" mean in zoning law?

The term "variance" in zoning law specifically refers to an exception granted to property owners that allows them to use their land in ways that are typically not permitted by existing local zoning regulations. This legal exception is important because it provides flexibility in land use while still aiming to uphold the overall objectives of zoning laws, which typically seek to ensure that developments are consistent with the character of the area and beneficial to the community.

When a property owner feels that strict adherence to zoning laws creates an undue hardship or practical difficulty, they can apply for a variance. If approved, the variance typically permits them to use their property in a manner that deviates from the established zoning requirements, such as building closer to property lines or using the property for different purposes than those outlined in the zoning code.

Other options presented do not accurately capture the meaning of "variance" in a zoning context. For instance, an increase in property taxes or amendments of land use designations address different aspects of property law and land development, while property inspections relate to safety and compliance measures rather than exceptions to zoning laws. Understanding the concept of a variance is crucial for contractors and property developers, as it allows for greater adaptability in project planning and execution.